Xuanzang 玄奘 became famous for his 19-year overland journey to India, which is recorded in detail in the classic Chinese text Great Tang Records on the Western Regions (It is a narrative of Xuanzang‘s nineteen-year journey through Chang’an to Central Asia and eventually South Asia between 626 and 645)大唐西域记。
玄奘 (生年:公元600年~ 卒年:公元664年),是唐代著名高僧,法相宗创始人,佛经翻译家、旅行家。他西行五万里,历时19年,到印度取真经,历经艰辛到达印度佛教中心那烂陀寺。玄奘拜住持戒贤为师,后升至该寺副主讲。玄奘在645年回到长安,共带回佛舍利150粒、佛像7尊、经纶657部。其后,玄奘在唐太宗的支持下在长安大慈恩寺设译经场,与弟子等人专心翻译所带回的佛典。
玄奘及其弟子共译出佛典75部,1355卷。玄奘的译典著作有《大般若经》、《心经》、《解深密经》、《瑜伽师地论》、《成唯识论》等。《大唐西域记》十二卷,记述他西游亲身经历的110个国家及传闻的28个国家的山川、地邑、物产、习俗等。包括路经现在国家和区域如乌兹别克斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、吉尔吉斯、喀什、于阗、尼泊尔、巴基斯坦、阿富汗、克什米尔、孟加拉等
An influential Buddhist monk of the Tang Dynasty (618-907), Xuanzang not only brought Indian sutra to China, but also brought Chinese culture to the West and contributed to the spread of other cultures throughout the world.
During his 19 years (626 AD-645 AD) of travelling to India, he had passed through territories of modern countries and cities like Uzbekistan, Tajikistan,Kyrgyzstan, Kashgar, Khotan, Nepal, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Kashmir & Bangladesh.
In an ancient temple called the Nalanda Temple, Xuanzang studied India’s sutras for five years under the guidance of the Master Jie Xian. Afterwards, he traveled across India to exchange ideas with other religious leaders and to give sermons. In 645 AD, he returned to Chang’an with more than 600 sutras. The Tang Emperor Taizong (Li Shimin) gave him a right royal welcome. In the rest of his life, he committed himself to translating the sutras he brought back in Big Wild Goose Pagoda.
Today, bones relic of Honorable Xuanzang are spread to few places through the world, including Japan & Taiwan. One of his honorable parietal bone relic is well kept in the temple I visited inNanjing, Lin Gu Temple 灵古寺. A simple temple yet full of energy.
灵谷寺位于钟山东麓,与中山陵相邻,是古代钟山70多所南朝佛寺中唯一留传到今天的一座,其前身是梁武帝为名僧宝志(济公和尚)所建的开善寺,至今已有1400多年的历史。明太祖朱元璋建明孝陵时,将开善寺迁建更名灵谷寺。明代灵谷寺辖12座佛寺,拥有地产达 34000余亩,号称“天下第一禅林”。当年的灵谷寺,是金陵四十八景之一,曲径通幽,松木参天。进山门后要有五里多路,才可窥见琳宫梵刹。
玄奘法师纪念堂中供奉玄奘法师坐像,像前的玄奘法师顶骨纪念塔中供奉有玄奘大师顶骨舍利,该寺是世界上保留玄奘舍利数量最多、保存最为完整的寺院。
玄奘圆寂后,遗骨历经劫难,但很多老南京人都知道,南京保存有两份玄奘大师的顶骨舍利,一份埋在南京九华山的三藏塔下,而另一份的下落却鲜为人知。
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